Epilobium ciliatum
Ecology
A perennial herb found on disturbed ground such as in gardens, shrubberies, felled woodland, waste ground, on walls and in pavement cracks. It spreads readily by seed, often colonising newly disturbed sites. It occasionally grows in semi-natural habitats, including marshes. 0?450 m (above Garrigill, Cumberland).
Status
Trends
This species was first collected in 1891, but was unrecognised until the 1930s. It established itself most strongly in south-east England, and has spread rapidly north and west. The current map shows a dramatic extension from the 1962 Atlas and it is now one of our most frequent aliens.
World Distribution
Native of N. America; widely naturalised in C. & N. Europe.
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Broad Habitats
Light (Ellenberg): 7
Moisture (Ellenberg): 6
Reaction (Ellenberg): 6
Nitrogen (Ellenberg): 6
Salt Tolerance (Ellenberg): 0
January Mean Temperature (Celsius): 3.7
July Mean Temperature (Celsius): 15
Annual Precipitation (mm): 972
Height (cm): 75
Perennation - primary
Life Form - primary
Woodiness
Clonality - primary
Count of 10km squares in Great Britain: 2005
Count of 10km squares in Ireland: 400
Count of 10km squares in the Channel Isles: 9
Atlas Change Index: 3.88
Weighted Changed Factor: 41
Weighted Change Factor Confidence (90%)
JNCC Designations
PLANTATT - Attributes of British and Irish plants. (.zip 1455KB) This dataset was compiled and published in 2004, and last updated in November 2008. Download includes an Excel spreadsheet of the attributes, and a PDF explaining the background and nomenclature. Note that the PDF version is the booklet as published, whereas the Excel spreadsheet incorporates subsequent corrections. A hardcopy can be purchased from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology.
Comment on Clonality